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Utilization of bees products in cosmetics
Kobza, Martin ; Bednář, Michal (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the problem of utilization of bees products in cosmetics. The aim of this thesis was to elaborate a literature review focused on individual bee products, their properties and their utilization in cosmetics. Honey, beeswax, propolis, pollen, royal jelly, apisin are said to be the bee products. Properties, utilization, determination of kvalitative properties and aplication into cosmetic products of individual bee products are mentioned in this thesis. Beeswax is used in production of lipsticks, creams and for basis of smears (oily creams). Royal jelly is aplicated into lotions, face masks, lipsticks, night creams, hair waters, hydration preparations etc. Honey is used for preparation of shower gels, soaps, body milks, hydration creams. Propolis is added into creams, body milks, body lotions, shampoos, lipsticks, soaps and mouth sprays. Pollen has significant content of vitamins, aminoacids and other substances in nature form for cosmetics. These substances are important for nutrition, regeneration and hydration of skin. Apisin is used in pharmacologic preparations, like healing creams and smears.
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Isolation of active compounds from algae and their application in cosmetic products
Nováková, Laura ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is dedicated to the study of active substances and antioxidant effects of cultivated microalgae. We compared the results with a commercial alga that is freely available. In the theoretical part we focused on description of algal metabolites in cosmetics and a brief description of the methods used in their testing. In the experimental part there were analyzed three types of extracts (aqueous, alcohol and oil) from 4 species of algae. It is mainly the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity that is determined. According to the results, the highest content of active substances was found in oil extracts. All extracts were encapsulated into liposomes. The average size of the nanoparticles was in range of 200 nm to 300 nm. The particles were stable enough also for long-term stability. The largest decrease was observed in the oil extract of the cultivated algae Chlorella vulgaris. The cytotoxicity of oil extracts was realized by MTT test on human cell cultures HaCaT. Finally, we concluded that the prepared liposomal particles could be used for anti-aging cosmetics.
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Preparation of magnetorheological fluids with high sedimentation stability
Oharek, Lukáš ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Smilek, Jiří (advisor)
The introduced bachelor thesis focuses on the current issue of stability of magnetorheological fluids in the gravitation field. To prepare stable magnetorheological fluid, influence of additives, particles modification and different carrier fluid are investigated. Regarding the increased viscosity of the carrier fluids, which negatively affect the magnetorheological effect, a magnetorheological fluid containing carbonyl iron particles, which were chemisorbed with non-ionic surfactant Tween 20 was prepared. Mineral oil and water emulsions were used as a carrier fluid, emulsifier Span 80 was used to stabilize the water-in-oil emulsion. Sedimentation stability is improved, at the same time the viscosity of the carrier fluid is increased.
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Study of thermal properties of selected coloids
Křivánková, Kateřina ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the study of the thermal properties of colloidal systems, especially the properties of emulsions (water, oil), which can be used in the cosmetic industry as an essential component of various lotions and creams and in the food industry. In the introduction the first defined thermo-physical processes (conduction, convection and radiation) and temperature measurement (stationary, transient). Furthermore defined physical parameters (heat and thermal conductivity, heat capacity), that are determined using transient methods. The measured data were collected and analyzed by using the EMA (Electrical Measurement Analyser) and the HarFA (Harmonic and Fractal Image Analyser). The results will be used to determine the optimum conditions for the production of cosmetics and dietary supplements.
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Preparation and characterization of cosmetic emulsion with addition of active compounds
Zinkovska, Natalia ; Smilková, Marcela (referee) ; Smilek, Jiří (advisor)
In the theoretical part, this bachelor’s thesis focuses on the overview of the basic characteristics and properties of the emulsion. Great attention is paid to choosing the type of emulsifier and the calculation hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. The mechanisms andcauses of instability of emulsions and their possible prevention and methods of stabilization are analyzed. The present state of the problem aimed to the analysis of existing methods for determination of emulsion stability and their use in practice is also part of this thesis. The experimental part of the work is primarily focused on the preparation of O/W cosmetic emulsions with additive of active substances such as UV absorbers. To characterize the prepared samples, pH values were measured and viscosities determined. The stability of the emulsion was carried out using an analytical centrifuge, and these results were further correlated with the standard gravitational stability tests (change of storage temperature of the formulation) according to the SÚKL methodical guidelines (REG-49, REG 51), which are the Czech version of the 75/318 /: Stability tests on active ingredients and finished products. Methods of preparation and composition of individual samples are described, which is further correlated with the stated characteristics of prepared creams.
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Design of a belt saw stand
Kropáč, Jan ; Pavlík, Jan (referee) ; Tůma, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with research in the field of band saws, pedestals and roller conveyors. The output of this work is the design of a new stand for the older band saw PILOUS ARG 220 plus, which includes a foldable roller conveyor. The whole work is complemented by pictures and drawings from the model created in a 3D CAD software.
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Development and optimization of ointment preparation for burn healing
Müllerová, Kristýna ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis aims to prepare ointments based on an ointment base with the addition of a bioactive component of chlorophyll according to a recipe from an unknow doctor. The basic characteristic of emulsions was performer in the theoretical part, their instability and possible methods of stabilization were described. Furthermore, the reader is acquainted with the bioactive substance of chlorophyll, selected ointments for the healing of burns and wounds and finally with the use in medicine. In the Experimental part, the preparation of emulsion bases of ointment was described. Based on a performed analysis of stability using analytical centrifuge, two ointments bases were selected, to which other components were added – chlorophyll, beeswax, and chamomile extract. The stability of completely prepared ointments was studied at 25 °C and 37 °C, this analysis was performed even after a longer time interval. Using ATR-FTIR spectrometry the present functional groups were identified at prepared ointments, individual components of the ointments base and chlorophyll. Based on the stability measurement of the prepared ointments and rheological measurements (oscillation and rotational measurements), it was evaluated that the best properties were shown by the prepared ointment with an ointment base consisting of 30 wt. % white vaseline and 70 wt. % synderman.
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Use of algae extracts in cosmetics
Plášková, Anna ; Rapta, Marek (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This thesis is focused on a preparation of extracts from selected species of algal and cyanobacterial strains, their characterization, a cytotoxicity testing and a use in cosmetic products. The theoretical part contains the review of a taxonomic classification and parameters of algae and cyanobacteria and basic information about used organisms. There is a description of the most significant factors influencing the algae cultivation and production of biomass. Further, active substances of algae and cyanobacteria, which could be used in cosmetic products as UV protective substances, were described. An overview of extraction techniques, encapsulation of active substance into liposomes and particles characterization, antioxidant activity analysis, and cytotoxicity tests is given too. In experimental part, antioxidant activity of algal extracts and chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were determined spectrophotometrically. The long-term stability of extracts was monitored for three weeks. Liposomes were prepared by sonification and encapsulation activity was analysed. The Dynamic Light Scattering method (DLS) was used for analysis of polydispersity and size of liposomes. Colloid stability of particles was determined by zeta potential. Cytotoxicity tests were performed using MTT assay. The prepared extracts, particles and lyophilized biomass of algal and cyanobacterial strain were further used as active substances in the formulation of cosmetic products (type o/w). These creams were tested on human skin.
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Preparation and characterization of biomaterials with natural UV filtres
Pavelková, Renata ; Čarnecká, Martina (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This presented diploma thesis is focuses on preparation and characterization of biomaterials with natural UV filters. The theoretical part is aimed at effects of sunlight on the skin and how to avoid these effects by using cosmetic products. The materials and methods for extraction of lipid part of the selected vegetable and microorganism species and methods for preparation and characterization of nanoparticles and emulsions were characterized. The practical part deals with extraction of lipid part of selected vegetable and microorganism species. The liposome particles with encapsulated active compounds were prepared. The particle size, polydispersity index, colloidal stability, encapsulation efficiency, SPF, antioxidant capacity, phospholipid content and cytotoxic effect on human keratinocytes were observed. These particles were used for preparation of the resulting emulsions. Their protection level on UV light were set and stability were tested by using analytical centrifugation.
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Microsurfacing
Koudelka, Tomáš ; Stehlík,, Dušan (referee) ; Hýzl, Petr (advisor)
This thesis is focused on slurry surfacing technology, particularly on microsurfacing. The theoretical part describes various issues of this technology: composition, manufacturing process, ecology, storage, making and design of the mixture. The practical part presents results of cohesion tests, wearing tests, consolidation and breaking time that has been performed on the mixture for microsurfacing. During the tests, the temperature of both bitumen emulsion and aggregate has been changed several times.
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